ECE2018 ePoster Presentations Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism (56 abstracts)
Implications of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementationon oxidative damage and inflammatory response in type 2 diabetic depressive patients
Alina Crenguta Nicolae 1 , Andreea Letitia Arsene 1 , Maria Ladea 1, , Mihnea Manea 2 , Mihai Bran 1 , Olivia Timnea 2 , Daniela Elena Popa 1 , George Traian Alexandru Burcea Dragomiroiu 1 , Bruno Stefan Velescu 1 , Cristina Manuela Drăgoi 1 & Ion-Bogdan Dumitrescu 1
1University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Carol Davila’, Bucharest, Romania; 2Ecological University, Bucharest, Romania.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes is commonly acknowledged. Even mild depression is recognized as clinically relevant for the general health outcomes in this vulnerable patient group. Research in this area has been focused on biochemical markers reflecting common pathological processes of insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative damage, all being assumed to be interconnected in both diabetes and depression. Most of the studies revealed the massive inference of oxidative stress in diabetes pathogenesis by the alteration in enzymatic systems (catalase, superoxide dismutase), lipid peroxidation, impaired glutathione metabolism and decreased vitamin C and lipoic acid levels. Reactive oxygen species cause damage to lipids, proteins and DNA when in excess, and can ultimately result in cell death, playing a role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cancer and a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression. Oxidative stress is a candidate pathway that may link depression to physiological changes. Also, a hypothesis on the involvement of inflammatory as well as oxidative stress pathways in the pathogenesis of depression has received much attention. Association between depression and oxidative damage due to both increased reactive oxygen species production and decreased antioxidant capacity has been clearly demonstrated, suggesting that oxidative stress might provide a plausible biochemical link between depression and unfavorable health outcomes. The most likely generator of oxidative stress in depression is considered to be a chronic, low-grade inflammation resulting from activation of cellular immunity able to induce an immune-mediated damage to the cells. In the present clinical study, we aimed to assess changes that occurred during a period of 6 months, consequent to the administration of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements (300 mg of omega-3 fatty acids). Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated in three different groups of patients: non-diabetic but depressive patients; diabetic, but non-depressive patients; and finally, in diabetic-depressive patients. Results were corroborated with cortisol and serotonin levels, in order to provide a clear conclusion on the molecular homeostasis modulation effects of omega-3 fatty acids. The unequivocally obtained regulatory effect of omega-3 fatty acids can be explained by the fact that it stabilizes cell membranes, participates constitutively in their structure, normalizing membranes fluidity and improving cell membranes’ ability to counteract oxidative stress.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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