Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that can be associated with other autoimmune endocrinopathies. Occurrence of these autoimmune endocrinopathies increases the management of diabetes and affects the quality of life of patients. The aim of our study was to clarify the prevalence of endocrine autoimmune diseases associated with diabetes type 1 and their clinical characteristics.

Patients and methods: A descriptive analytical and retrospective study was conducted in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca, extended over a period of 7 years (January 2007 - December 2016) including 300 T1Ds. All patients had benefited from thyroid hormone assessment; 104 patients, had benefited from early morning cortisol assessment. Statistical analysis was univariate for all the variables using SPSS version 22.0.0

Result: We found 32 patients (10.66%), including 28 women and 4 men, of mean age 28.6 years (15-53 years) had a polyendocrinopathy, type T1D-hypothyroidism in 12 patients, T1D-hyperthyroidism in 11 patients, T1D- adrenal insufficiency (AI) in 5 patients, T1D-AI-hypothyroidism in 3 patients, and T1D-AI-hypoparathyroidism in one patient. Weight loss motivated the thyroid hormones assessment in 76% of cases, hypoglycemia in 62%, palpable thyroid in 37%, and palpitation in 28%. Hypoglycemia’s motived the early morning cortisol assessmentin 98% of the cases, asthenia in 82%, and Weight loss in 77% and the melanodermia in 20%. Diabetes preceded endocrinopathy in 18 patients, with a difference in age of 3 years 3 months. Endocrinopathy preceded diabetes in 6 patients; with a difference of 3 years 9 monthsand they were concomitant in 8 patients. Anti-TPO ABs was positive in 12 patients, anti-TSH receptors in 09 patients and anti-21 hydroxylases in 4 patients.

Conclusion: The thyropathies are the most autoimmune endocrinopathies associated with T1D, essentially in young women. Timing and circumstances of discovery are variable, hence the importance of regular biological testing.