Endocrine Abstracts

Purpose of the study: To carry out the comparative analysis of the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) according to the screening and register data in Uzbekistan.

Material and methods: Within the framework of WDF international project ‘Prevention of diabetes in rural population of Uzbekistan’, with the support of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the screening campaign was conducted in 6 rural regions to actively identify diabetes and IGT among 6189 people at high risk. A questionnaire chart (developed on the basis of FINDRISS map, taking into account the mentality of the Uzbek people) included the following risk factors: age; Excess weight or obesity; Arterial Hypertension; Myocardial infarction; Stroke; Birth of a child weighing >4 kg. The average age is 59.39±10.22 years, 62% of women and 38% of men. 6189 people passed the GTT and HbA1c tests. Statistical data processing was made using the program Statistica 10, Excel (2007).

Results of the study: Following the results of fasting glycemia (venous blood) and OGTT, T2DM was detected in 823 people (13.3%), including 548 women, 275 men (ratio 2:1). Newly diagnosed peoples with diabetes have already HbA1c level such as: HbA1c >6.5–23.4%; between 8–9% and >9%–12.7%, that indicating long-term hyperglycemia and an advanced stage of the disease which can lead to the further development of diabetes complications. The IGT was found in 26.7%, IFG in 1040 people accordingly. The frequency of T2DM in the peoples at high risk was 16,3% which is significantly higher than the officially registered prevalence of diabetes in Uzbekistan (5–6%). It demonstrates once again low level of diabetes diagnosis and duly treatment at the primary healthcare link. The prevailing risk factors for diabetes development among the rural population were: Arterial Hypertension-78.6%; Obesity (BMI >30) – 43.3%, Gestational diabetes –42%, hereditary predisposition –35.2%.

Conclusion: The screening undertaken in 6 regions identified a high level of the high prevalence of T2DM in the high-risk group (13.3%) compared with the national register of 5–6%. These figures reveal the importance of screening to actively detect the people with diabetes, IGT and IFG in order to provide the appropriate treatment and prevent the development of serious complications. The prevailing risk factors for diabetes development among the rural population aged over 40 years in Uzbekistan were: arterial hypertension – 78.6%; obesity (BMI >30) – 43.3%, gestational diabetes – 42%, hereditary predisposition – 35.2%.