Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Hot flushes affect 70% of menopausal women, can be long-lasting, and often severely impact on physical, psychosocial, sexual, and overall wellbeing. Hormone replacement therapy is effective but not without risk. Neurokinin B is an important mediator of hot flushes in rodents and elevated hypothalamic expression occurs in menopausal women. Neurokinin B acts via the neurokinin 3 receptor. We therefore hypothesised that neurokinin 3 receptor antagonism could be a nove...

Different animal models have been used to study the postnatal effect of a prenatal exposure to an androgen excess on the female offspring. We have established a sheep model to test the hypothesis that the intrauterine environment of the PCOS mother may play a role in the etiology of the PCOS. In this regard, our sheep model for the study of PCOS has the advantage that provides mainly an androgenized milieu to the fetus in comparison to pregnant PCOS women who offers a hyperand...

Introduction: Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a useful marker of ovarian reserve (OR), since it remains stable inter/intra-cycles and presents a good correlation with ultrasonographic antral follicular count. Obesity/overweight are increasing and may affect the reproductive health. However, previous studies regarding the effect of body mass index (BMI) on AMH levels are discordant. Our main goal was to evaluate the influence of BMI in AMH levels in women with infertility....

Objective: The objective of this Phase 2 study was to evaluate the safety of relugolix when administered for 24 weeks in women with EM-associated pain. Efficacy was exploratory assessed using leuprorelin as a reference.Design: This was an open-label extension study evaluating safety of 3 doses (10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg) of relugolix administered orally once daily for a total of 24 weeks in women with EM-associated pain, who had participated in a preceding...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy of reproductive age women and is characterized by reproductive, metabolic and psychological features exacerbated by weight gain. Weight management in PCOS is challenged by propensity to weight gain and lack of sustainable dietary interventions. Body weight is regulated by calorie intake and the rate of energy expenditure. Metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT), contributing to energy dissipation, has b...

Objective: Metformin is the first-line therapy for PCOS with high metabolic risk, yet a large proportion of patients cannot tolerate it due to associated gastrointestinal adverse events. The alternative pharmacological strategy when metformin cannot be tolerated is not well established in this population. Our aim was to evaluate whether sitagliptin (SITA) preserves metabolic profile in metformin (MET) intolerant PCOS with high metabolic risk.Design and m...

Background: Hyperandrogenism is a main feature of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although its ovarian origin is well recognized, laboratory investigation suggested the contribution of adrenal gland, albeit of unknown mechanism.Aim: To understand the contribution of genetic factors in adrenal hyperandrogenism (AH) we investigated genome wide SNPs in subgroups of PCOS patients stratified as function of DHEAS levels in two ethnic populations (Romania...

Introduction: Abnormal liver function tests (↑LFTs) are frequently observed in Turner’s syndrome (TS), although the aetiology is unclear. Obesity is reported as one of the causes; recently an increased prevalence of elevated GGT was found in TS patients with a ring X karyotype.Aim: To analyse the association between abnormal LFTs and TS-related conditions, and in particular their relationship with the different TS-karyotypes.<p class="abst...

Introduction: Increased adrenal androgen production is present in 20–60% of women with polycistic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Possible mechanism is not clarified yet and could be related to altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis (HPA) activity or a consequence of adrencortical steroidogenic abnormalities. The aim of the study was to assess HPA sensitivity in PCOS women using different doses of dexamethasone.Methods: We analyzed 359 women with PCOS d...

Introduction: A relation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was demonstrated recently. Both NAFLD and PCOS are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. NAFLD liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS) has been implicated as a non-invasive surrogate marker for NAFLD. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of NAFLD in different PCOS phenotypes using NAFLD-LFS.Methods: W...

The role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in the pathophysiology of PCOS and associated cardiometabolic risks is emerging. Previous studies support increased SNS activity in PCOS, potentially contributing to metabolic features via multiple mechanisms including insulin resistance. Moxonidine is a second-generation imidazoline I1 agonist, acting centrally, inhibiting sympathetic outflow at the level of rostral ventrolateral medulla with known beneficial effects...

The environment has become increasingly contaminated by various pollutants including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This has led to an increase in the incidence and gravity of known pathologies and the emergence of new ones, including dental pathologies as the Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH). Among the thousands of EDCs, bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates (DEHP) are widely used by the plastic industry and responsible to frequent contaminations. We previously showe...