Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Bariatric surgery aims to decrease cardiovascular risk factors. The Swedish Obese Subjects study reported that bariatric surgery was associated with reduction in long-term cardiovascular (CV) event. However, uncertainty remains regarding the effect of bariatric surgery on long-term CV risk. One way to predict long-term CV risk after bariatric surgery is to use cardiovascular risk assessment models.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the 10-year and lifetime predicted CV risk in subjects with impaired glucose regulation before, 1 month, 6 months and 5 years after bariatric surgery.

Method: A non-randomized prospective study of 45 participants (29 females) with impaired glucose regulation undergoing bariatric surgery. Body weight, BMI, blood pressure, lipid profile and HbA1c were recorded pre-operatively, 1 month, 6 months and 5 years post-operatively. Preoperative and postoperative predicted CV risk were calculated by using QRISK2, QRISK lifetime and JBS3 calculators.

Results: Follow-up rates were 93, 91 and 71% at 1 month, 6 months and 5 years, respectively. They had a mean age of 48.8±7.0 years, a mean BMI 53.9±11.1 kg/m², and a mean HbA1c 7.5±1.7%. The predicted 10-year QRISK2 score was reduced by 35, 54 and 24% at 1 month, 6 months and 5 years, respectively (P<0.001). The predicted lifetime risk was also reduced and maximum reduction (24.5% reduction in QRISK lifetime and 26.7% in JBS3 lifetime score) was observed at 5 years despite the patients being 5 years older.

Conclusion: Bariatric surgery in patients with impaired glucose regulation, was associated with a significant reduction in predicted 10-year and lifetime CV risk in a population that was on average 5 years older compared to baseline.