SFEBES2016 Poster Presentations Diabetes and Cardiovascular (30 abstracts)
Glycaemic load of commonly consumed beans among Nigerians with diabetes mellitus
Oluwarotimi Olopade 1 , Ifedayo Odeniyi 1 , Sandra Iwuala 1 , Oluwatosin Kayode 1 , Olufemi Fasanmade 1 , Wale Ajala 2 , Patience Chima 3 & Augustine Ohwovoriole 1
1Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria; 2Department of Chemical Pathology, General Hospital Lagos Island, Lagos, Nigeria; 3Department of Dietetics, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Introduction: Persons with Diabetes mellitus (DM) consume more of beans (Vigna unguiculata (Linn) Walp species) in Nigeria because of its low glycaemic index (GI). The quantity of beans consumed per meal has not been adequately considered.
Objective: To determine the glycaemic load (GL) of among persons with DM.
Methods: Twelve consenting T2DM persons and twelve healthy participants took part in this study. Anthropometric measurements were obtained. The reference food was glucose and the foods tested were three varieties of Vigna unguiculata (Linn) Walp species: ‘oloyin’, ‘drum’ and ‘sokoto white’. Participants had a 50 g OGTT and 50 g of carbohydrate in the test bean meals after random stratification into four groups weekly. Serving sizes of test bean meals were served without restriction by participants. Venous blood was taken at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min to estimate glucose. GI was determined using trapezoid rule. Comparison of medians of GI and GL by Friedman test was significant (P<0.001).
Results: Eleven persons with T2DM and 12 controls completed this study. Median ages of the DM and control groups being 53.0 years and 50.5 years (Z=−0.617, P=0.537). GI of the bean meal of ‘oloyin’, ‘drum’ and ‘sokoto white’ were 12.10, 17.64 and 12.04 (x2(2)=6.500, P=0.039). The GL of the DM group for ‘oloyin’, ‘drum’ and ‘sokoto white’ were 8.8, 12.9 and 10.3 (x2(2)=22.000, P=0.0001); that of the control were 14.3, 21.1 and 13.4 (x2(2)=22.167, P=0.001) respectively.
Discussion: GL is classified into low (0–10), moderate (11–19) and high (20+). Persons with DM consumed ‘drum’ and ‘sokoto white’ moderately, ‘oloyin’ in small quantity, the controls consumed ‘oloyin’, and ‘sokoto white’ moderately, ‘drum’ in high quantity. The GL differences are due to meal size, fibre and carbohydrate content of the test beans.
Conclusion: Diet of persons with DM should be low GL meals with high fibre content and reduced carbohydrate.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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