Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial disease associated with numerous comorbidities. Bariatric surgery is postulated as an effective tool in weight loss and improves associated pathologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the safety and the effects on major comorbidities associated with morbid obesity of gastric bypass (GBP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) 2 years after intervention.

Methods: Cohort study with intrasubject measures (before-after) in a sample of patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (GBP or SG). Demographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed, at baseline and 2 years after surgery. Surgical complications were classified into early (first month after intervention) and late (more than 1 month).

Results: 211 patients were included. The mean age was 37.9±9.8 years and 157 were female (74%). The mean baseline BMI was 51.13±7.11 kg/m². Regarding the surgical techniques, 178 (84.35%) underwent BPG and 35 (16.4%) SG, without significant preoperative differences between groups. 2 years after surgery, the percentage of excess weight loss was 73.06±14.06% in the BPG group vs 66.61±18.46% in SG (P=0.02). The resolution of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes occurred in 75%, 93.96% and 86.95% respectively in the BPG group and 63.63%, 77.7% and 85.71% in the group who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. Regarding surgical complications, 15.5% had late complications in BPG group vs 3.1% in sleeve group, while the rate of early complications was 26.8% vs. 6.2% respectively (P<0.001).

Conclusion: In our area, BPG is more effective in weight loss and resolution of dyslipidemia at 2 years, while both techniques are equally effective in resolution of diabetes and hypertension. The rate of surgical complications is lower in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy.