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Endocrine Abstracts (2016) 41 EP746 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.41.EP746

1Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; 2Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.


Introduction: Contradictory associations between sleep disturbances and changes in cortisol levels or unfavourable metabolic conditions like obesity and diabetes mellitus have been observed.

The aim of the present study was to examine salivary cortisol in persons with reduced sleep quality and to evaluate the relationship between sleep quality and metabolic parameters.

Methods: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQ8I) was used in 154 healthy persons (85 females; 27–76 years old; mean =56.3, SD =10.4 years) at the Medical University of Graz. Quality of sleep was related to morning levels of salivary cortisol, the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR).

Results: 55 (35.7%) of the study participants showed a decreased quality of sleep. 37 (43.5%) of all women reported sleep disturbances in contrast to 18 (26.0%) of men (P=0.025). Salivary cortisol levels of male poor sleepers were significantly lower in comparison to the levels of male good sleepers (P=0.007). Correlation of the PQ8I with BMI or HOMA-IR did not show significant results.

Conclusions: Sleep disturbances are very common in our sample of healthy people. Particularly in men, reduced sleep quality (e.g., prolonged sleep latency) was associated with low morning levels of salivary cortisol. Missing correlations between sleep problems and metabolic symptoms are contradictory to the literature and need to be discussed. Our finding of low cortisol levels in poor sleepers represents malfunction of the circadian rhythm and substantiates the psychobiological significance of salivary cortisol.

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