Endocrine Abstracts

Goal: To study a frequency of occurrence and factors of progressive diabetic retinopathy (DR) in people with DM type 2 in Uzbekistan.

Materials and study methods: Within the framework of WDF project ‘Prevention of blindness in people with diabetes mellitus in Uzbekistan’ granted to ‘UMID’ association in 2008, we carried out DR screening in people with DM type 2 in three pilot regions of Ferghana, Bukhara areas and the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

In three regions we examined 1587 people with DM type 2 aged 40–67 (prescription of disease 5–15 years). Levels of glycemia, HbA1c, cholesterol, LDL, HDL were measured. Examination of fundus of eye, visual acuity determination and intraocular pressure measurement were also carried out.

Results and discussion: Results of examination showed that a frequency of DR occurrence in people with DM type 2 made 56.9%, of them DR of grade I was found in 32.8%, DR grade II – 18.6%, DR grade II – 5.5% and in 43% of cases no DR was found; 52% of patients with prescription of the disease 10–15 years undertook ophthalmological examination for the first time.

DR prevalence in patients with prescription of disease of 10 years made 45%, and that of 15 years and over – 68%. In 80% of patients at the stage of decompensation (HbA1c>9.5%) prevalence of DR grades I–III made 36.9, 15.8 and 8.8% respectively which is a major factor of advanced development of DR.

Mean rates of TC, LDL and HDL made 5.5±0.2 mmol/l; 4.14±0.22 mmol/l and 0.94±0.03 mmol/l respectively, in that a mean value of LDL in PDM was reliably higher than in patients without DR (3.65±0.07 mmol/l).

Conclusions: According to screening data, a frequency of DR in PDM type 2 in Uzbekistan makes 56.9%. Advancement of DR in PDM type 2 depends on prescription of disease, degree of compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, hypercholesterinemia and dislipidemy.