ECE2016 Eposter Presentations Thyroid (non-cancer) (120 abstracts)
Effect of smoking on thyroid function during pregnancy
David Ruiz Ochoa 1 , María Piedra León 2 , Bernardo Alio Lavín Gómez 2 , Carmela Baamonde Calzada 1 , Fátima Mateos García 1 , María Teresa García Unzueta 2 , Iñigo Tejado Elviro 1 & José Antonio Amado Señarís 2
1Sierrallana Hospital, Torrelavega, Spain; 2Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain.
Introduction: Smoking affects thyroid function, the magnitude and direction of the effect varies greatly with different studies. Less is known about the effect of smoking in thyroid function during pregnancy.
Materials and methods: Healthy pregnant women with not known thyroid dysfunction were questioned about smoking habit in the first trimester of pregnancy. Blood samples for TSH, free T4 (fT4) and free T3 (fT3) were obtained in each trimester and for thyroid antibodies (TPO- and Tg- antibodies) in the first trimester.
Results: A total of 445 pregnant women were included (357 non-smokers and 88 smokers). Median age 32.00 (IQR 6), median BMI 23.4 (IQR 4.75). Education level: 1 woman without education (0.22%), 15 women incomplete primary education (3.38%), 69 women complete primary education (15.54%), 210 women general certificate of education or vocational education and training (47.30%), 61 women bachelor’s degree (13.74%) and 88 women university degree (19.82%). Iodized salt was consumed by 176 women (39.53%) and iodine supplement by 324 women (72.97%). There were no differences between smokers and non-smokers in age, BMI, and consumption of iodized salt or iodine supplement. There was a trend to higher consumption of tobacco among pregnant women with a lower educational level (r −0.219; P<0.01). Smokers had a lower fT4 in the first trimester (1.03 vs 1.08 ng/dl; P<0.01) and a higher fT3 in the first trimester (3.04 vs 2.95 pg/ml; P<0.01) and second trimester (2.97 vs 2.85 pg/ml; P<0.01) than non-smokers. No significant differences were found in TSH levels. Thyroid antibodies were positive in the first trimester in 8.4% of non-smokers and 4.5% of smokers (P=0.269).
Conclusion: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with a lower fT4 in the first trimester and a higher fT3 in the first and second trimester of gestation. The effect size is slight and its clinical implications are unknown.
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Endocrine Abstracts
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