Endocrine Abstracts

Aims: The aim of our study is to assess the efficacy of lifestyle modification in preventing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM 2)

Materials and methods: The study included 100 patients (69 m 258 f) 25–65 years with impaired glucose tolerance/impaired fasting glucose (IGT/IFG) and newly diagnosed DM 2. Patients were divided into two groups matched by sex, age, weight, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Research group included 54 patients who received and carried out recommendations of a balanced diet and physical activity. Control group included 46 patients who did not lifestyle modification. The study was 48 weeks. We measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose concentrations (2-h PG) following a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and related to fasting leptin (FL).

Results: Patients of the research group demonstrated reduction of BMI (−2.3±3.1 kg/m²) and WHR (−0.02±0.025) (P<0.01 for all). They had positive dynamics of FPG and 2-h PG concentrations (P<0.001). Persons of the control group had increase BMI and WHR as also FPG and 2-h PG concentrations elevation (P<0.05). The main novel finding was that median serum leptin in research group decreased on −23.9% (P<0.01) and increased in control group on +27.6% (P<0.01). Among subjects with IGT from the research group, glucose levels normalised in 49.3% (P<0.001) and serum leptin levels decreased on 26.9% (P<0.01). In control group glucose levels normalized in 4.5% (P<0.01) persons with IGT. By the end of the study 12% of non-diabetic subjects with obese have developed DM 2 and 48% IGT. Among patients of the research group was a reduction of DM 2 by 11.9% and an increase in the control group by 35.1%.

Conclusion: Thereby, lifestyle modifications lead to reduction not only fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose concentrations but and fasting leptin concentrations in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.