Endocrine Abstracts

The objective was to assess rate of impaired glucose regulation and progression to diabetes in adults using routinely collected health-care data.

Material and methods: We conducted an audit on results of 75-g standardized oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) performed at Vilnius Antakalnio Outpatient Clinic from 3rd Jan 2011 to 15th Dec 2014 and analysed data of adult patients. We excluded from analysis results of 358 patients who didn’t perform 2-h plasma glucose concentration (2 h PG) test. 5575 patients’ data were included into analysis. We applied 2006 World Health Organization criteria for diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG).

Results: Mean patients’ age was 53.64±15.59 years. 36.4% of the patients were men and 63.6% were women. Mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentration was 5.87±0.65 mmol/l, mean 2 h PG was 6.20±2.25 mmol/l. FPG in women was lower than in men (5.79±0.67 mmol/l vs 6.03±0.60 mmol/l, P<0.001), but 2 h PG was higher in women than in men (6.25±2.14 mmol/l vs 6.09±2.44 mmol/l, P=0.011). Mean 2 h PG increased with age. OGTT detected diabetes in 286 (5.1%) patients. 778 (14.0%) patients met criteria for IGT and 1518 (27.2%) for IFG. Normal glucose tolerance was found in 2993 patients. The rate of impaired glucose regulation increased with age achieving peak in groups of 50–59 and 60–69 years old patients (27.3 and 23.4% respectively). 787 patients came back for repeated OGTT. Repeated OGTT revealed 48 new cases of diabetes. Before developing diabetes 58.3% patients had IGT, 22.9% had IFG, and 18.8% had normal glucose tolerance. Mean time from the first OGTT to diabetes development was 18.15±9.36 months. Female gender (OR=2.42, P=0.028) and IGT (OR=6.08, P<0.001) predicted diabetes.

Conclusion: This analysis revealed that the rate of undiagnosed diabetes is 5.1%; nearly half of outpatients with risk factors for diabetes have impaired glucose regulation. Women with IGT have higher risk for diabetes development.