Higher glucose levels and prevalence of prediabetes in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis

Georgios Boutzios; Krystallenia Alexandraki; Stavros Liatis; Eleni Lampropoulou; Georgios Nikolopoulos; Aikaterini Bouki; Eleni Papaoiconomou; Kokkona Paradeisi; Nikolaos Tentolouris; Gregory Kaltsas

doi:10.1530/endoabs.37.EP373

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Endocrine Abstracts (2015) 37 EP373 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.37.EP373

ECE2015 Eposter Presentations Diabetes (pathiophysiology & epitemiology) (80 abstracts)

Higher glucose levels and prevalence of prediabetes in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis

Georgios Boutzios , Krystallenia Alexandraki , Stavros Liatis , Eleni Lampropoulou , Georgios Nikolopoulos , Aikaterini Bouki , Eleni Papaoiconomou , Kokkona Paradeisi , Nikolaos Tentolouris & Gregory Kaltsas

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Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pathophysiology, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.

Introduction: Thyroid autoimmunity and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) are the commonest endocrine disorders in the general population. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is an association between thyroid autoimmunity and β-cell secretion in patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods/design: 501 patients (381 females) 46.5±14.2 years with IFG and/or IGT and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT, TgAb, and/or TPOAb positive) were included in the study. Characteristics recorded were age, gender, waist circumference (cm), and BMI (kg/m²). Fasting glucose (mg/dl) and insulin levels (μIU/ml), glucose 120 min post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c (%), HOMA and QUICKI insulin-resistance (IR) indices, and IR status as HOMA >2.16 and OUICKI <0.34 were also assessed. In 291 patients who had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with glucose and insulin measurement in five different time points), first, second phase insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and ISI were also assessed. Patients with hypothyroidism and DM2 were excluded from the study.

Results: Patients (n=266) who had AIT compared to non-AIT patients (n=) were older (48.6±13.5 vs 44.1±14.66 (P=0.001)), had larger waist (95.4±15.6 vs 91.4±15.5 (P=0.007)), higher glucose levels (99.9±12 vs 95.5±12.5 (P<0.001)), and higher prediabetes rates (64.2%) (χ²=27.2, P<0.001) but similar rates of IR (51.8%). Prediabetic (P=64) patients with AIT had first phase ISI: 1293.8±774.6, second phase ISI: 432.3±231.8, and ISI: 0.06±0.05 comparable albeit higher to non-AIT (first phase ISI: 934.3±670.5 second phase ISI: 324.8±207.9, and ISI: 0.07±0.05) but similar ISI (P=0.06, P=0.06, and P=0.6 respectively).

Conclusion: Patients with AIT and impaired β-cell secretion had higher HbA1c levels with similar rate of insulin resistance and higher prevalence of prediabetes compared to non-AIT. Thyroid autoimmunity could be eventually a possible factor modifying β-cell secretion. Nevertheless further studies are needed to confirm these findings.