Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterised by biochemical tired of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketonemia. It remains a life threatening condition despite improvement in diabetic care, timely identification and intervention remains the backbone of treatment.

Aim and objectives: i) To evaluate the clinical and biochemical prognostic markers in diabetic ketoacidosis. ii) To correlate the various prognostic markers with mortality in diabetic ketoacidosis.

Settings and design: A prospective multicenteric observational study done at tertiary care centre.

Methods and materials: Two hundred and seventy patients hospitalised with diabetic ketoacidosis over a period of 1 year were evaluated clinically and by laboratory tests. Serial assays of serum electrolytes, glucose and blood pH, and clinical outcome of either discharge home or death were evaluated.

Statistical analysis: Data were analysed by SPSS version 17 and were presented in the values of mean, median, and percentages. The P value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The significant predicators of final outcome obtained were further regressed together and subjected with multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analysis. The MLR analysis further revealed that the male sex had 7.93-fold higher favourable outcome as compared to female sex (OR=7.93, 95% CI 3.99–13.51) while decrease in mean APACHE II score (14.83) and S. PO₃⁻ (4.38) at presentation may lead 2.86 (OR=2.86, 95% CI 1.72–7.03) and 2.71 (OR=2.71, 95% CI 1.51–6.99) fold better favourable outcome respectively as compared with higher levels (APACHE II score: 25.00; S. PO₃⁻: 6.04).

Conclusions: Sex, baseline biochemical parameters like APACHE II score, and phosphate level, were important predicator of mortality from DKA.