ECE2014 Poster Presentations Bone and Osteoporosis (36 abstracts)
Low-carbohydrate/high-fat diets do not have negative effects on bone density in female rats in contrast to male rats
Ayse Zengin 1 , Benedikt Kropp 2 , Yan Chevalier 2 , Amon Horngacher 1 , Riia Sustarsic 1 , Elahu Sustarsic 1 , Sarina Benedix 1 , Nadja Herbach 3 , Stefan Milz 4 , Maximilian Bielohuby 1 & Martin Bidlingmaier 1
1Endocrine Research Unit, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, Munich, Germany; 2Biomechanic and Experimental Orthopaedics Laboratory, Klinikum Grosshadern, Klinikum der LMU, Munich, Germany; 3Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; 4Department of Anatomy, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Ketogenic low-carbohydrate/high fat diets (LC-HFD) induce weight loss in both animals and humans. However, a number of unwanted side effects with these diets have been reported. We have previously shown in male rats that LC-HFDs negatively affect bone growth and bone mineral density, possibly due to macronutrient-induced impairments of the GH/IGF-system. Given the importance of dietary macronutrients in the regulation of bone density in male rats, in this study we investigated the effect of LC-HFD on bone density in female rats.
Female rats aged 12 weeks were isoenergetically pair-fed on a control chow diet (CH), an ‘Atkins-style’ LC-HFD1 (protein-content matched to chow, 78.7/19.1/2.2); and a ketogenic LC-HFD2 (low protein content, 92.8/5.5/1.7) (Percentage of metabolisable energy, fat/protein/carbohydrate) for 4 weeks. Micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) was carried out using the Scanco20 scanner, ImageJ and the BoneJ plugin was used for analysis of cancellous and cortical bone in the femur.
Female rats in both LC-HFD groups displayed lower body weight gain when compared to CH, however, this was to a lesser magnitude in female rats compared to male. Micro-CT analysis revealed no differences between controls and both LC-HFD groups in cancellous bone volume (CH: 0.3±0.08%; LC-HFD1 0.3±0.03%; LC-HFD2: 0.4±0.05%), trabecular number (CH: 6.2±0.71; LC-HFD1: 5.9±0.34; LC-HFD2: 6.6±0.18) and trabecular thickness unit (CH: 0.09±0.00 mm; LC-HFD1 0.09±0.00 mm; LC-HFD2: 0.09±0.0 mm). Analysis of trabecular structure parameters (connectivity density, structure model index and degree of anisotropy) also revealed no difference between controls and both LC-HFD groups. In addition, there were no differences in cortical thickness between control and both LC-HFD groups (CH: 0.68±0.04 mm; LC-HFD1: 0.68±0.04 mm; LC-HFD2: 0.66±0.03 mm) and in cortical bone volume (CH: 9.19±0.52 mm3; LC-HFD1: 9.24±0.27 mm3; LC-HFD2: 9.10±0.26 mm3).
In contrast to our findings in male rats, LC-HFDs do not appear to have negative effects on bone homeostasis in female rats in either cancellous and cortical bone compartments.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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