Endocrine Abstracts

Purpose: To evaluate the possible risk factors for depression development in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1).

Methods: 163 patients with DM 1. Depression was determined by the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Common factors of risk depression development were assessed by questionnaire survey according to a specially designed questionnaire. The levels of HbA1c and homocysteine (HC) serum were determined.

Results: Depression was diagnosed in 28.2% of the study, among them 18.4% women and 9.8% men (χ²=3.57; P<0.05). Median of the depression level according to the HADS in the age group under 40 years was 3 (2, 7) points against 6 (3, 8) points in patients older than 40 years (U=2698.0; P=0.04). There has been established a direct correlation between the level of depression according to the HADS and age (r=0.17; P<0.05); between the level of depression according to the HADS and HbA1c level (r=0.20; P<0.05). Median of HC plasma level in patients with depression was 13.29 (15.90 8.80) mmol/l against 9.80 (7.94 11.50) mg/dl in patients without depression (U=15.12; P=0.02). The frequency of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with depression was 95.6% against 57.2% in patients without depression (χ²=4.12; P=0.04). The frequency of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with depression was 52.1% against 22.2% in patients without depression (χ²=6.78; P=0.009).

Conclusion: The risk of depression development is associated with female sex (OR=3.60; P<0.001; 95% CI 1.76–7.39), age over 40 years (OR=1.06; P<0.05; 95% CI 0.99–1.13), the presence of disability because of DM (OR=2.41; P=0.01; 95% CI 1.16–4.19), the presence of DR and/or NAM, the level of serum HC>15.39 mmol/l (OR=6.82; P=0.001; 95% CI 2.19–21.20), the level of HbA1c≥7.5%, (OR=0.89; P=0.03; 95% CI 0.30–1.48).