Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The aim of study was to assess diversity of oxidative stress as a dynamic process throughout metabolic syndrome (MS) continuum ending with coronary heart disease (CHD) or diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: Main group (MG) of 154 men aged 25–60 years with abdominal obesity (waist circumference above 94 cm) was examined in comparison to 30 healthy men of similar age. In MG 28 men were diagnosed with CHD, 24 – with DM. Fasting glucose (FG) was assessed by hexokinase assay; fasting insulinemia (FI) – by ELISA; malonic dealdehyde (MDA), vitamins A (VA) and E (VE) in precipitated low-density lipoproteins (LDL) – by fluorometry; oxidative metabolism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) – by spontaneous (spCLI), zimozan-induced chemoluminescence (indCLI), and stimulation indeces (SI); HOMA-IR index was calculated as FG (mM/l)×FI (μU/ml)/22.5.

Results: In MG (excluding DM patients) mean FG was similar to that in controls, whereas HOMA-IR index was higher (3.54±0.12 vs 2.22±0.24; P<0.05), reaching 6.08±0.52 in DM subgroup. Mean MDA levels were higher in MG (5.15±0.19 vs 2.56±0.54 nM/l per mg of LDL-protein; P<0.05), being the highest in CHD (5.72±0.26) and somewhat less in DM patients (4.78±0.67). Mean VA levels were higher in MG than in controls only in patients without CHD and DM (0.07±0.011 vs 0.02±0.002 mg/mg of LDL-protein; P<0.05), however they fell down below controls to 0.01±0.001 (P<0.05) in CHD and DM patients; whereas VE did not differ between subgroups. Both spCLI (by 3.3 times) and indCLI (by 2.6 times) were higher in MG (P<0.05), being the highest in patients without CHD and DM, whereas SI was the lowest in CHD (2.18±0.13) and DM (2.14±0.15) patients as compared to controls (2.97±0.28; P<0.05).

Conclusion: The MS evolution towards CHD and DM is associated with cellular and humoral oxidative stress reactions with increase in MDA and PMN activation and concomitant deficiency of VA antioxidant potential and decreased PMN reserve reactivity.

Parameters of PMN oxidative metabolism (M±S.E.M.).

Declaration of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research project.

Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sector.