Endocrine Abstracts

The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. According to the recent World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes. This number is likely to be more than the double by 2030. It is estimated that the developing countries will bear the brunt of diabetes epidemics in the 21st century. It is well known now that increased rates of other chronic diseases, such as hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases are highly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Besides other risk factors, genes play a crucial role in progression of type 2 diabetes. In this study, the Pro12Ala polymorphism of PPARγ2 gene was studied in type2 diabetic, cardiac patients and healthy people of Bangladesh. Here, 62 diabetic patients, 73 diabetic and cardiac patients and 48 control subjects were investigated. PCR and RFLP analysis were used for identification of individual genotype. In type2 diabetes patient 46 samples (74.19%) were identified as homozygous Pro/Pro genotype and 16 samples (25.80%) as heterozygous Pro/Ala genotype. In cardiac patients those also have type 2 diabetes 63 samples (88.73%) were homozygous for Pro/Pro genotype and 8 samples (11.26%) were heterozygous for Pro/Ala genotype. In the control group, 26 samples (54.16%) were Pro/Pro homozygous, 21 samples (43.75%) Pro/Ala heterozygous and 1 sample was Ala/Ala homozygous genotype. Previous studies showed that, Pro12 allele is the risk factors for onset of diabetes and Ala12 allele is the protective factor for diabetes. In control subject this Pro12Ala polymorphism was significantly higher than patients thus proving Ala12 allele play the protective role. Most significant finding of this study is Pro12 allele was significantly higher in cardiac patients having type 2 diabetes further emphases the fact that, diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.