1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Csongrad, Hungary; 2Institute of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Gyula Juhász Faculty of Education, University of Szeged, Szeged, Csongrad, Hungary; 3Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Csongrad, Hungary.
Introduction: In the human, obesity is one of the leading health problems as declared by the World Health Organization. Obesity is frequently associated with diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipaemia, these acts together as metabolic syndrome (MS). The risk of cardiovascular diseases is 5 to 10 times higher in MS. Lack of daily exercise is a good reason to evolve MS. Several hormones take part in the development of MS. Leptin and insulin, which are produced by the adipose tissue and the pancreas, and in addition the developed resistance to them play key role in the development of MS. We investigated the actions of recreational type of physical exercise on the levels of insulin and leptin in association with glucose- and lipid-metabolism parameters of MS.
Design: One hundred and eighty-five volunteers participated in a 5-month-long, low intensity, recreational type of aerobic physical activity program. We measured the levels of serum insulin, leptin, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and haemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) in 4 BMI categories (20–25, 25–30, 30–35, 35<) at the beginning (day 0) in the middle (day 50) and at the end (day 150) of the program.
Results: We found decrease of body weight (88.6 kg+2.2 to 81.0+2.0 kg) in the high BMI groups (30<), where body fat content (from 42.7+1.0 to 38.5+1.0%), cholesterol (from 6.2+0.4 to 4.6+0.4 mmol/l), triglyceride (from 1.5+0.1 to 1.0+0.1 mmol/l), HBA1c (from 6.4+0.1 to 5.5+0.05%), leptin (from 35 595+4400 to 17 319+1816 pg/ml) and insulin (from 7.6+1.6 to 3.0+0.4 μIU/ml) levels were all decreased (at a minimum of P<0.05 level), while the decrease in glucose level was more moderate (from 5.7+0.4 to 4.9+0.1 mmol/l).
Conclusions: Long term recreational physical activity program decreases insulin and leptin resistance. Monitoring of these and other obesity associated hormones seems to be useful to follow up the efficacy of physical exercise programmes.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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