Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: To study character of macrovascular complications in combination of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetes insipidus (DI).

Materials and methods: Within the period from 2006 to 2010, we examined 2208 cases of DI among them 106 DM–DI combinations. The patients had their endocrine and neurologic statuses assessed with blood and urine density investigation, including complete urinalysis and Zimnitskyi urine count, RIA and measurement of pituitary hormones (GH, STH, LH, FSH, IGF1, prolactin, cortisol, etc.), ECG, echocardiography, Doppler ultrasound, Turkish saddle CT, eye fundus examination and assessment of vision fields.

Results: In 2010, the Uzbekistan National Register included 2208 patients with DI, 106 of which (4.8%) had DM–DI combination, 22 cases registered in Tashkent. The combination in question mutually burdens clinical presentation aggravating outcomes of both diseases and resulting in early cardio-vascular complications, high incidence of myocardial infarctions and strokes serving as the evidence. DM is a significant cardio-vascular risk factor in patients with diabetes insipidus. When added it results in increase of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis, making myocardial infarctions (in 12.2 vs 5%) and cerebral circulation disturbances (in 88.4 vs 22.5%) more frequent. Progressing atherosclerosis with heart and brain vessels stenosed, myocardial contraction reduced and left ventricle overloaded, because of increase in the blood minute volume due to DI, underlie the complications of the combination. The fact is confirmed by presence of cardiac insufficiency in most patients with DI.