BSPED2010 Oral Communications Oral Communications 2 (Brief Communications) (8 abstracts)
Wide range of eye abnormalities in patients with hypopituitarism: is this showing a novel genetic aetiology?
K S Alatzoglou 1 , D Kelberman 1 , E Spadoni 2 , C Gaston-Massuet 3 , K Woods 1 , A Natarajan 4 , M Maghnie 5 , M Bitner-Glinzicz 2 & M T Dattani 1
1Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; 2Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; 3Neural Development Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; 4Department of Child’s Health, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, UK; 5Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Background and Aim: The development of the pituitary gland is closely linked to this of the eyes and forebrain, as they all originate from the same embryonic origin, the anterior neural ridge. The constellation of symptoms leading to septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) is well established; other ophthalmic signs may be under-reported. The aim of the study was to define if patients with hypopituitarism present with eye abnormalities, which are distinct from optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), and if this association could help the genetic diagnosis of the condition.
Methods: We studied case records of patients referred over the last ten years from national and international centres.
Results: We identified 96 patients with hypopituitarism (male:female1.2:1), who had eye abnormalities that were distinct from ONH. Hypopituitarism was familial in 14.5% (n=14) and in 5.2%, patients were of consanguineous pedigrees. The spectrum of eye abnormalities included: colobomas not associated with CHARGE syndrome (n=11, 1.5%), pigmented disorders of the retina (n=4, 4.2%), retinal dysplasia (n=13, 13.5%), congenital cataracts, (n=3, 3.5%), amaurosis (n=3, 3.5%), anophthalmia or microphthalmia (n=32, 33.3%). Other eye abnormalities (n=30, 31.2%), ranged from glaucoma to blepharophimosis, staphylomas and atypical appearance of the optic discs. In four cases with retinal pigment defects or retinal dysplasia there was a single pituitary hormone deficiency, isolated GHD (n=2) or ACTHD (n=2). In all other cases, retinal abnormalities were associated with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. SOX2 mutations were identified in 40% (13/32) of patients with anophthalmia or microphthalmia and they all had gonadotrophin deficiency. In two patients we identified mutations in OTX2 and BMP4. We found no mutations in HESX1, PROP1, GH1, SIX3, PAX6 or SOX3 in this cohort.
Conclusions: Patients with hypopituitarism may present with variable eye abnormalities and monitoring for pituitary hormone deficiencies is recommended in children with congenital eye abnormalities.The systematic study of the association of eye and pituitary abnormalities may help to identify novel genes implicated in pituitary development.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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