Endocrine Abstracts

Diabetes is the major health care problem in developing countries like India. According to WHO survey total number of diabetics patients in India alone is 3.2 cores with fastest growing population of diabetics. This is not a single disease, rather a group of disorders associated with rearrangement in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.

Diabetes is characterized by the elevation of blood glucose level resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action or both. It is not a pathogenic entity but a group of etiologically different metabolic defects. The present study designed for their comparative and metabolic study of HbA1c, magnesium, nitrogenous metabolites and lipid profile in diabetic and non diabetic patients.

Serum glucose concentration elevation is the hallmark of uncontrolled diabetes which reflects the immediate status of carbohydrate metabolism. HbA1c is an essential indicator for diabetes whose levels are increased in all diabetic patients.

There are some alterations in micronutrients status of diabetic patients. These micronutrients include magnesium which plays role in more than 320 enzymatic reactions in energy metabolism. Serum magnesium levels were decreased in diabetic patients.

The serum urea and creatinine concentration-indicator of diabetic nephropathy were found to be increased which are the major products of protein metabolism and are important index of kidney and renal diseases. Creatinine is a waste product formed in muscles from creatinine phosphate which is usually associated with diabetes mellitus.

Elevated levels of serum triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and total cholesterol were observed but there was profound decrease in HDL serum levels. The liver cell shows a marked increase in lipid concentration during diabetes.