Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is one the most common chronic diseases found in children and youngsters.

Objectives: Characterization of a sample of young type 1 diabetic patients, treated with multiple daily injections of insulin.

Patients and methods: Analysis of patients files with ages between 11 and 26 years observed on diabetology consultation during the first semester of 2008, with diagnosis of diabetes for at least 6 months. Parameters evaluated: gender, age, diagnosis age, diabetes duration, A1C, BMI, self-monitoring of blood glucose, insulin scheme, carbohydrates counting (CC) and complications. It was considered effective self-monitoring of blood glucose (ESMBG) when effectuated ≥4 times a day. For classification of glucose control (good/bad) were used the ADA criteria.

Results: It was analyzed the data of 108 patients, 55.6% male, 44.4% female; age 20.18±3.11 years; age at diagnosis 10.69±4.91 years; duration of diabetes 9.28±5.18 years. Actual A1C 8.13±1.58%; A1C on the last year 8.01±1.43%; BMI 24.12±3.40 kg/m²; ESMBG 67.14%. Everyone was treated with intensive insulinotherapy. About 51.85% did CC. About 30.93% presented dyslipidemia and 18.52% hypertension; nephropathy and retinopathy were presented in 7.41 and 2.78% respectively.

It wasn’t verified significative statistical relationship between A1C and age, gender, duration of disease, diagnosis age, BMI, CC, dyslipidemia, nephropathy and retinopathy. It was verified significative statistical relationship between A1C e ESMBG (P=0.004). Patients with a bad glycemic control presented higher incidence of hypertension (P=0.027; OR=5); Hypertensive patients presented a higher incidence of nephropathy (P=0.001; OR=9.4).

Conclusions: One should enhance the difficulty of obtaining the therapeutic objectives for the referred ages. ESMBG is fundamental for obtaining such objectives. Bad glucose control was associated to a higher incidence of hypertension which was associated to a higher incidence of nephropathy.