Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: To evaluate the main clinical characteristics and the obstetrical results of perinatal morbi-mortality of women with gestacional diabetes in our Service.

Material and method: We made a descriptive study of 83 gestational diabetes patients which became a pursuit coordinated between the services of Endocrinology and Gynecology. The following main aspects were analyzed: age, toxic habits, BMI pre-gestational, first pregnancy or not, previous antecedents of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pathology, weeks of gestation, restored treatment, levels of HbA1c to the diagnose and to end of the gestation, childbirth, obstetrical complications and weight of newborn.

Results: The average age of the pregnants were 32.7±5 years and had been diagnosed of gestational diabetes in the week 29±7.8 with BMI pre-gestational of 27.6±5.1 kg/m² (37.3% normal weight, 34.9% overweight, 27.7% obesity). The 32.5% were first pregnants showing more than 30 years in the 46.1. Of 30.3% had antecedents of gestational diabetes. In the 15.7% hypertensive pathology were associated (4.8% antecedents of hypertension, 7.2% pregnancy hypertension and 3.6% preeclampsia), and the 31.3% were smokers. The average HbA1c to the diagnosis was 5.29±0.5, and at the end of the gestation 5.3±0.46, need of insulinization 64% (15.55±10 U/día). Of 66 patients ended the gestation with an average duration of 38.6±1.5 week (15.1% childbirths preterminal, 78.8% upon maturity and 6% posterminal). The global percentage of Caesarean was 34.8%, spontaneous childbirth 46.9% and instrumental childbirth 18.1%. The average weight of new born was of 3288±489 g with macrosomia in 7.6%. The total percentage of obstetrical trauma was of 10.6%. The Apgar average to the 5 min was of 8.7±1.5 and to the 5 min 9.8±1.2. Entrance in pediatry were needed in the 4.5% and a neonatal mortality of 1.5% was determined.

Conclusions: Patients with gestational diabetes in our service showed a suitable metabolic control with a discreetly superior macrosomia percentage in comparison with nondiabetic general population

We found a higher percentage of Caesarean in our patients in comparison with other published series.