Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Evaluate the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidants status in patients with gestational diabetes (GD).

Material and methods: We performed a nested case-control study within a sample of a total of 126 pregnant women between the 24 and 29 weeks. Of the 126 women studied we compared 63 with GD and 63 control pregnant women. Both groups were analyzed for demographic data, perinatal and obstetrics results and the levels of the markers oxidative stress and antioxidants status (lipid peroxides, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reduced, catalase and superoxide dismutase).

Results: Maternal age studied for the control group was 29.95±5.03 years old and 31.57±4.1 years in patients with GD. Results showed 23% of the control group and 26% in patients with GD presented a history of abortion or macrosomia. The pre-pregnancy BMI was 23.46±3.73 kg/m² in the control group and 28±3.6 kg/m² in GD (P=0.0001).

In reference to the perinatal and obstetrics results, the final week of pregnancy was 39.62±1.2 in the control group and 39.02±1.8 in GD. The rate of cesarean delivery was 10% in the control group and 33% in the patients with GD (P=0.0001). The rate of macrosomia was 8% in the control group and 16% in GD (P=0.3).

Levels of lipid peroxides (P=0.001), peroxidase glutation (P=0.01), catalase (P=0.04) and dismutase superoxide (P=0.0001) were statistically siginificant. In the multivariance analysis the levels of lipoperoxides (P=0.03), catalase (P=0.006) and superoxide dismutase (P=0.003) were significantly associated with the dependent variable GD.

Conclusions: Women with GD present a higher probability of developing higher risk markers of cardiovascular disease expressed as higher levels of lipid peroxides and descending levels of antioxidants such as the catalase and superoxide dismutase.