Endocrine Abstracts

Backgrounds: As the average lifespan in human increases, osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures have been major health care problems. Despite recent advances in medical treatment, few studies have assessed the recognition of osteoporosis by general adults. This study examined the recognition of osteoporsosis and analysed the relating factors.Methods: We made one to one questions in a rural area called chunjunlee in chunchon city. The questionnai...

Aims: Determine the utility of ultrasonography for the preoperative localization of enlarged parathyroid glands in primary hyperparathyroidism and to compare this method with 99mtechnetium sestamibi scintigraphy.Methods: The results of ultrasonographic localization of enlarged parathyroid glands witch were performed by one experienced ultrasonographer were determined in 65 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and compared with...

Ovariectomy of immature female rats, results in significant decrease of trabecular bone volume and in cortical bone thickness. Previously we found that estradiol-17β (E2) restored bone structure of ovariectomized female rats (Ovx) to values obtained in intact sham-operated female rats. E2 also selectively stimulated creatine kinase specific activity (CK) a hormonal-genomic activity marker. In the present study, we compared the effects of E2</sub...

Background: Renal hyperparathyroidism (RHPT) is a frequent complication of uremic patients on hemodialysis and despite various advances in medical therapy parathyroidectomy is necessary in a semnificative number of cases.Patients and methods: We reviewed our experience (first in Romania) regarding thirtyfour patients with RHPT operated on in our clinic between 1994 and 2007 evaluating the diagnosis methods, surgical indications, techniques and results to...

GH and IGF-I exert an important role in the control of bone formation. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are a frequent recurrence in patients with thalassemia. Due to the high prevalence of GH deficiency (GHD) in adult thalassemic patients (Scacchi et al., Clin Endocrinol 2007), we investigated the possible role of GH - IGF-I abnormalities in the pathogenesis of the osteopenia/osteoporosis of this disease.Study: Sixty-four adult thalassemic pati...

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of alendronate, alfacalcidol, and combinat agent of alendronate and alfacalcidol, in BMD change assess by Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry in postmenopausal women.Materials and methods: Nine thousand and two hundred and sixty four healthy women with ages between 20 and 89 years referred to our densitometry service using DXR-BMD. Six thousand and six hundred and twelve from these were in postmenopause. Using WHO-criteria for...

Graves’ (GD) hyperthyroidism induces accelerated bone turnover that leads to diminished bone mineral density (BMD). Recent studies indicate the associations between VDR gene and autoimmune diseases. The role of VDR allelic variants in predisposition to primary osteoporosis is also recognized. The authors analyzed if VDR polymorphisms: BsmI, ApaI, TaqI and FokI may predispose women with Graves’ hyperthyroidism to BMD reduction. The subjects were 7...

Obesity protects from osteoporosis. Bone remodeling and energy metabolism could be regulated by the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin acting on osteoblasts though hypothalamic pathways. Hypothalamic lesions cause obesity. Since most of these patients are also hypopituitary with low IGF1 which could affect bone metabolism the aim of our study was to investigate whether obesity would protect them from osteoporosis.Three groups of patients were studied: (1)...

Background: Birth weight has been associated with low bone mass in later life. Previous studies, however, have relied on self-reported data on birth weight, included select populations, or been of a limited size. Moreover, it is unclear if the association between birth weight and bone mass is be mediated by body weight, lean body mass, or fat mass.Aim: We hypothesize that birth weight is associated with peak bone mass in men independent of current lean b...

Elderly residents are at high risk for vitamin D deficiency due to immobilization or little opportunity of uv exposure. Decreased cutaneous capacity to form cholecalciferol and diets low in calcium and vitamin D add to this problem.In a prospective cohort study that we performed in 95 institutions in four different provinces of Austria we found that 93% of all patients had a 25(OH)D level ≤20 ng/ml. Aim of this study was to analyse whether differen...

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the most common form of secondary osteoporosis. Glucocorticoid is known to cause hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. In addition, glucocorticoid and PTH have also been reported to induce RANKL mRNA expression in osteoblasts and promote osteoclastogenesis. However, little is known about cooperative effects of these hormones. The purpose of this study was to clarify the regulation of RANKL mRNA expression by gluc...

Inactivating germline mutations in the HRPT2 tumor suppressor gene are the cause of the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT). The most common feature of HPT-JT is primary hyperparathyroidism, followed by ossifying fibromas of the maxilla and mandible, renal cysts and solid tumors. As recently recognized, mutations of this gene also play a central role in the molecular pathogenesis of parathyroid carcinoma.A 19-year-old woman presented with a g...

A 56 years old woman was admitted to an intensive Care Unit for generalized seizure seven days following total thyroidectomy for toxic multinodular goiter. Thyroidectomy included self transplantation of a right parathyroid gland. Pathologic analysis confirmed benign multinodular goiter, without parathyroid tissue. Post operatively, on LT4 therapy, follow up symptoms included facial paresthesia associated to mild hypocalcaemia (1.56 mmol/l) at day 2, treated with ora...

Objective: Hyperthyroidism is accompanied by low bone mass. Because the reference range of TSH levels is defined statistically, some individuals with high-normal TSH levels (TSH <10 mU/l), may have mild hypothyroidism (subclinical hypothyroidism) and reduced bone mass. We therefore determined whether serum TSH levels correlate with bone mineral density (BMD) in persons with subclinical hypothyroidism.Design: A cross-sectional study.<p class="abst...

PTHrP is an important factor for the regulation of calcium homeostasis around delivery. The aim of this study was to longitudinally analyse PTHrP metabolism and influencing factors looking at mothers and their breastfed newborns from 32 weeks of pregnancy until 8 weeks after delivery. Nineteen families (8 Caucasian, 11 Arabic/Asian) participated in the study. We analysed PTHrP, 25 OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase, albumin; serum and urine calcium, ...

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with bone loss due to weight loss, decreased caloric intake, amenorrhoea and behavioral changes. The most important predictor of the occurrence of bone loss is body weight (BMI <16.5 kg/m2). Previous studies suggested that many factors including effects of chronic undernutrition in AN patients is associated with a reduction of bone formation (osteocalcin-OC) uncoupled with increased resorption markers (crosslaps-CTx). The aim ...

Serum Crosslaps is a bone resorption specific marker already validated in adults for osteoporosis helping in decision and therapeutic. Not yet clinically evaluated in children, we wanted to analyse the usefulness of this marker in paediatric practice, easier to collect than the other bone resorption markers which need urinary collection often uncertain in children.Patients and methods: Serum Crosslaps were measured using the One Step ELISA immunoassay (O...

In line with European guidelines, infant formulas in France have been vitamin D-fortified with a vitamin D3 content of ~400 IU/l. New guidelines for the prevention of vitamin D deficiency and rickets have subsequently been published and the vitamin D supplement for formula-fed infants was reduced from 800 to 400 IU per day.To contribute to the evaluation of the need for vitamin D supplementation, a study was conducted to assess vitamin D3 intake (choleca...

Introduction: The etiology of this autoimmune disorder results from the presence of stimulating antibodies binding to TSH receptor. The disease has a strong genetic background associated with HLA and CTLA-4 genes.The aim of study: The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of polymorphic variants of ESR1 gene on the bone mineral density in young premenopausal women with Grave’s disease (GD).Material and methods...

Introduction: In primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) bone involvement is frequent. In women with PHPT it has been previously reported that menopausal status together with PTH, calcium levels and renal function are independent predictors of bone density. In male subjects, the impact of PHPT on bone status is less defined.Aim of the study: To investigate this study was possible predictors of bone mineral density (BMD) in a series of male subjects affected b...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) during pregnancy is a very rare event that increases maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Complications during pregnancy or neonatal period have included spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, neonatal tetany.Management of maternal PHP diagnosed during pregnancy should be based on the patients’ symptoms and severity of the disease. Hyperparathyroidism characterized by progressive symptoms should be...

Results of many studies indicate that the BsmI polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may influence bone tissue metabolism and may be useful in identifying patients at greater risk of osteoporosis. As far as long-term glucocorticoid treatment is a major risk factor for osteoporosis development, we looked for the BsmI VDR gene polymorphism and its relation to phenotypic features characterizing bone status (BMD and metabolic bone turnover) in 74 premenopausal women: 5...

Background: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay is critical for diagnosis of calcium disorders and intraoperative (IO) monitoring of parathyroid surgery. We evaluated the new Access® Intact PTH (iPTH) on the UniCel® DxI 800 (Beckman Coulter).Methods: Imprecision was evaluated for routine and intraoperative (15 min) procedures, at 3 control levels, run 20 times in duplicate over 10 days (NCCLS EP5-A protocol). Normal values wer...

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is often associated with severe mineral bone loss and increased risk of fractures. The objective of this study was to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with AN and its relationship with different anthropometrics, clinical and hormonal parameters.Patients and methods: We evaluated 47 women with AN according to criteria of DSM-IV. The anthropometrics variables measured were: weight (kg) height (m), BMI (kg/m...

Objective: To determine the vitamin D status in pregnancy and to evaluate the effects of daily and of single-dose vitamin D supplementation.Design: A prospective randomised study, in an inner city ante-natal clinic.Participants: Forty-five women in each of the four ethnic groups, Indian Asians, Middle Eastern, Black and Caucasian, were studied (incomplete delivery data at time of submission).Intervention: Wom...

Introduction: In primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) medical treatment is indicated if the patient donot carry out the surgical criterion, donot accept surgery or there is another serious comorbidity that makes impossible the intervention. Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic that increase the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) to ionized serum calcium, decreasing secretion of PTH and serum calcium concentration. This drug is prescribed for secondary hyperparathyroidism...

Inactivating mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene, present in homozygous or heterozygous forms, cause neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism or familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. The R-568 binds to the transmembrane region of the CaSR thereby enhancing its sensitivity to extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]o) and inhibiting parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. The therapeutic potential of calcimimetics like R-568 has been demonstrated in patient...

Several studies have shown a positive correlation between parity and reduced hip fracture rate later in menopause while others have shown no correlation or a negative one. Thus, it is possible that some of the conflicting results reported in literature may be attributable to differences in the ages of the populations studied or of the concomitant presence or not of osteoporosis.In order to elucidate these conflicting results, a population based observati...

Osteoporosis can be caused by many miscellaneous factors. These factors include medical, lifestyle and socioeconomic variables, the latest being not well studied and defined in international bibliography. From these there are the factors regarding the working environment (house or office) and the living environment (urban or countryside). Our hypothesis is based on the fact that women living in an urban environment or working in an office environment should have lower Bone Min...

Adult GHD patients may have reduced BMD with high risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures which is thought to be reverted by long-term rhGH replacement therapy. In this study we aimed at identifying the determinant factors of vertebral fractures, as assessed by a radiological morphometric approach, in a cohort of adult patients with untreated GHD. Forty-two patients (27 males, 15 females; median age: 48 years, range: 30–67) with untreated severe (as defined by a pea...

Background: Calcium and vitamin D malabsorption in celiac disease (CD) predispose to high bone turnover and skeletal demineralization. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, and ligand of receptor activator of NFkB (RANKL) inhibits osteoclast formation and activity.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), bone-turnover markers and osteprotegerin in adult patients wit...

It was previously shown that patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are insulin resistant. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment on insulin sensitivity and lipid levels in patients with PHPT. In 21 patients with PHPT (age: 56.24±8.69 years, BMI 25.2±3.81 kg/m2) lipid levels (TC, HDL, LDL, TG, Lp(a)) and insulin sensitivity were determinated before and 4 months after surgical treatment. Insulin sensitivity was evalu...

Introduction: Bisphosponates have long been used with success in the treatment of Paget’s disease of bone (PDB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early (up to three months) and late (at twelve months) scintigraphic, biochemical and clinical response to a single intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in patients with PDB serially assessed for one year.Materials and methods: Nine patients with 30 bone lesions due to PDB were prospectiv...

Site-discordance in bone mineral density (BMD) assessment is common and affects patient categorization. Greater number of osteoporotic sites correlates with lower T score at each index site. The effect of BMD measurement at the contralateral femur on osteoporosis diagnosis has been previously evaluated.The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of BMD measurement at the contralateral femur on osteoporosis diagnosis.M...

Introduction: Thyroid hormones play an important role in bone metabolism. The potential action of prolonged levothyroxine therapy on bone mass reduction is still a matter of debate.Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of levothyroxine treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) and biochemical bone turnover markers.Methods: We determined thyroid function – TSH and free T4 (FT4), r...

Juvenile primary osteoporosis, unless diagnosed as osteogenesis imperfecta, has previously been considered a sporadic and self-limiting disease. New genetic findings, including osteoporosis-causing mutations in the LDL-receptor related protein (LRP) 5 and LRP6 genes, challenge this view. The pathogenesis of juvenile osteoporosis still remains largely unknown. We describe findings in a three-generation pedigree with a new form of autosomal dominant osteoporosis.<p class="ab...

Effects of phytoestrogens on female estrogen sensitive tissues are discussed controversially. There is growing evidence that exposure early in life may have a larger (and lasting) impact than an exposure later in life.To further investigate this issue we performed a study in female Wistar rats. Animals were divided into three groups: Group K received a phytoestrogen free diet, group P phytoestrogen rich diet and G a phytoestrogen free diet supplemented w...

To date only seven cases of naturally occuring inactivating mutations of the aromatase gene in men have been documented. Osteoporosis is one of the typical signs of the aromatase deficiency in male patients. We report results of estrogen therapy in patient with formerly described frameshift mutation of the CYP19 gene, ins 1058 T. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed during three phases of estrogen therapy. Patient was substituted by calcium and vitamin D throughout t...

Parathyroid carcinoma (PTCa) is an uncommon cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP), statistically representing <1–2% of all cases of PHP. Early resection of the primary tumor is the only curative treatment, however this is frequently incomplete. As a consequence, recurrence of PTCa presenting as locally invasive tumor and/or metastatic process is not rare. Morbidity and mortality are generally caused by the effects of unremitting hypercalcemia rather than tumor gr...

Growth hormone deficiency leads to reduced bone turnover, mainly due to alterations in PTH circadian rhythmicity as well as to a lack of sensitivity of the kidney and bone to the effects of PTH. These mechanisms may be responsible for bone turnover changes and development of osteoporosis. Patients with GHD show abnormalities of renal phosphate metabolism, which may also contribute to the pathogenesis of bone loss in these patients. GH treatment leads to restoration of renal tu...

Purpose: To determine the effect of endogenous calciotropic and sex hormone concentration on bone parameters in postmenopausal women.Methods: We analyzed baseline data of the Senior Fitness and Prevention Study (SEFIP), an 18-month randomized controlled exercise trail with 246 females, 65 years and older. Baseline assessments of Bone Mineral Density at the lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur were performed using DXA technique. Blood samples were taken f...

Purpose: To determine the effect of a combined ambulatory exercise program on sex steroid concentration in postmenopausal females.Methods: The Senior Fitness and Prevention Study (SEFIP) is an 18-month randomized controlled exercise trail with 246 females, 65 years and older. The exercise group (EG) performed a vigorous endurance, strength and balance training two times per week, the ‘wellness control group’ (WG) performed a low intensity and l...