ECE2006 Poster Presentations Diabetes, metabolism and cardiovascular (174 abstracts)
Urocortin 2 mediates glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle
A Chen 1 , B Brar 1 , CS Choi 2 , D Rousso 1 , J Vaughan 1 , C Donaldson 1 , S Smith 1 , C Li 1 , SN Kim 2 , T Nagy 3 , G Shulman 2 , KF Lee 1 & W Vale 1
1Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, United States; 2Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; 3University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States.
Skeletal muscle is the principal tissue responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and is thus the major site of peripheral insulin resistance. Urocortin 2 (Ucn2), a corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) family member and the type 2 CRF receptor (CRFR2) are highly expressed in skeletal muscle. To determine the physiological role of Ucn2, we generated mice deficient in this peptide. Using glucose and insulin tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp studies in mice fed standard or high fat diets, we demonstrated that mice lacking Ucn2 exhibit increased insulin sensitivity and are protected against fat induced insulin resistance. Administration of synthetic Ucn2 to mutant mice prior to the glucose and insulin tolerance tests restores blood glucose to wild type levels. Administration of a CRFR2 selective antagonist to wild type mice results in a glucose tolerance test profile that mirrors that of Ucn2-null mice. Ucn2-null and wild type mice gain weight and consume food similarly, both on standard or high fat diets. However, significant increases in blood glucose and insulin levels are observed only in the wild type mice and not in Ucn2 null mice. Body composition measurements of Ucn2-null mice on a high fat diet demonstrate decrease in fat and increase in lean tissue compared to wild type. Cellular mechanisms mediating Ucn2 effects were studied using in-vitro and in-vivo systems. The null mice display increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle putatively through the removal of Ucn2-mediated inhibition on insulin signaling. Activation of cAMP/PKA signaling by Ucn2 changes the balance between active and inactive IRS-1 serine phosphorylation. This balance modulates insulin signaling and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. These data support a physiological function for Ucn2 as a local regulator of glucose uptake. Because impaired glucose transport in muscle contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, our results suggest Ucn2/CRFR2 pathway as a potential targets for the management of this disease.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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