Endocrine Abstracts

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) regulate adipocyte differentiation and gene expression by an interplay with other transcription factors. They are the nuclear receptor that are mostly expressed in adipocytes and some nonadipose tissues like intestinal wall, muscles, liver and macrophages. The aim of the study was to assess the possible association between Pro12Ala PPAR-gamma2 receptor gene polymorphism and satiety factors, insulin resistance and androgen excess in PCOS women.

Material and methods: Two groups of women were studied: a control group (51) and PCOS women (54). Women were divided into a group of non-obese with BMI<30 kg/m² and obese women with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m². Examinations: BMI and WHR, measurements: insulin and glucose during OGTT, leptin, NPY, galanin and CCK, Pro12Ala polymorphism in the gene of PPAR gamma2. The study protocol was approved by local Ethical Committee.

Results: Frequency of Ala allele in the control group was estimated at 26.47% and in the PCOS patients at 23.15%. PCOS was connected with occurrence of hyperleptinemia and higher NPY levels. PCOS, obese and non-obese subjects had significantly lower levels of galanin. Significantly lower levels of CCK in obese women with PCOS were observed.

Conclusions: Frequency of Pro12Ala polymorphism evaluated in investigated patients is significantly higher than shown in other European populations. Pro12Ala polymorphism in women with PCOS carrying a single Ala allele has protective role as far as hyperleptinemia, hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance is concerned. PCOS patients may reveale a disrupted loop of central leptin/NPY feedback. The constellation of high leptin/NPY and low galanin/CCK levels in women with PCOS indicates some shifts in food intake.