Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: The aim of the study was a comparison of the selected parameters of the lipid metabolism (total cholesterol – TC, LDL cholesterol – LDL, HDL cholesterol – HDL and triglycerides – TG) in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) depending on the method of diabetes treatment.

Material and methods: A group of 121 women with GDM was analyzed. There were 85 women treated with diet alone (G₁) and 36 women treated with diet and insulin (G₂). The parameters were analyzed after making a diabetes mellitus diagnosis in GDM women and at the end of the third trimester (T3).

Results: Improvement of diabetes control presented by a statistically significant decrease of fasting blood glucose (FBG), of mean blood glucose (MBG) and of fructosamine level (F) was observed in both groups (for G₁: 4.5±0.8 vs 4.1±0.4; P<0.001; 5.5±0.9 vs 5.1±0.4, P<0.001; 1.9±0.2 vs 1.8±0.2, NS mmol/l and for G₂: 5.5±1.3 vs 4.6±0.4, P<0.001; 6.9±1.4 vs 5.6±0.4, P<0.001; 2.1±0.3 vs 1.9±0.1, P<0.001 mmol/l, respectively). While making GDM diagnosis in G1 a significantly higher values of TC, LDL and HDL, as compared to G2, were observed (6.4±1.2 vs 5.7±1.1, P<0.01; 3.6±1.0 vs 3.1±1.0, P<0.05; 1.7±0.4 vs 1.5±0.4, P<0.05 mmol/l, respectively). In T3, as compared to T1 (GDM diagnosed), TG increase was significant in both groups (in G1: 2.8±1.0 vs 3.3±0.9 P<0.01 mmol/l, in G₂: 2.7±1.0 vs 3.3±1.1 P<0.05 mmol/l). HDL concentration increased statistically in G2 in T3 (1.5±0.4 vs 1.7±0.4 mmol/l, P<0.05).

Conclusion: Intensive hypoglycemic treatment of GDM improves significantly glycemic values. A better short-term diabetes control, expressed by the fructosamine concentration, was observed in G2. The intensive insulin therapy in G2 women favorably increased the HDL concentration as compared to G1 women.