Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Children with Down’s Syndrome (DS) have altered immunity with higher rates of diabetes, thyroid autoimmunity, coeliac disease, respiratory tract infections and leukemia. Diabetes in children with DS appears to be accelerated with an earlier age of onset compared with the general population, with 22% diagnosed before the age of 2 years. Increased HLA class II DR3/4 susceptibility is seen in in children with DS and diabetes but the prevalence is reduced compar...

Introduction: Hyperprolactinaemia may occur in 30% of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD), although rare in paediatrics. The pathophysiology might be further complicated by pre-existing pituitary abnormalities.Case: Symptomatic hyperprolactinaemia developed in this adolescent girl with CKD and hypopituitarism. History involved neonatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) and renal cortical necrosis. CKD Stage 3 ensued. Growth declined by 2.3 year...

Introduction: Stuve–Wiedemann Syndrome (SWS) is a rare genetic condition with autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by the association of typical facial appearances, skeletal manifestations including bowed legs and dysautonomia. Only two patients with long survival have been reported in 2001. We report three children whose periodic clinical evolution could be observed in our hospital until the age of 9 years. We report a case of SWS with associate...

Background: Recent studies have linked both PEG -asparaginase and 6 mercaptopurine [6MP] with hypoglycemia, However, the risk of hypoglycemia associated with ALL therapy is not well understood, despite its potential to cause adverse events in children. We report three cases in Wales.Case 1: An 18-month-old female with pre-B ALL presented with hypoglycemia during the induction phase of chemotherapy [PEG-asparaginase and high-dose dexamethasone] Hypoglycem...

Introduction: The management of childhood obesity is complex and requires intensive input from a multidisciplinary team. Pharmaceutical interventions may be required in addition to lifestyle modifications to treat morbid obesity. In a double blind randomised controlled trial, liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonist along with dietary and lifestyle interventions showed beneficial BMI reduction in children and adolescents. We present a morbidly obese adolescent wi...

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19), an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has been linked to autoimmunity. Graves’ disease (GD) is a common subtype of paediatric hyperthyroidism and an autoimmune condition, where antibodies stimulate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor on the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroid hormone. Although, paediatric GD is rare, incidence have risen before the pandemic, and this rise has accelerated since the Covid-19 pande...

Introduction : Accidental exposure to transdermal hormone-containing products can cause significant adverse effects in children. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely used in both women and men. Transdermal administration of oestrogen- or testosterone-containing products via transdermal patch, gel, sprays or creams are increasingly used. The MHRA (2023) and FDA (2009) warned of the risk of harm to children following accidental exposure to topical testosterone gel. We rep...