Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The combination of chemotherapy with prophylatic cranial radiotherapy (C-RT) allowed the improvement of survival rates of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors while putting them at risk of develeping long-term endocrine deficiencies, like growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Current evidence suggests that the prevalence of GHD in children treated with radiation doses ≥ 30–50 Gy for non-pituitary brain tumors is...

Paragangliomas (PG) originating from the nasal cavity are very rare and usually have an indolent growth. Surgery offers the only possibility of cure for these patients while radiotherapy can only slow their growth rate. Intracranial or leptomeningeal dissemination is very rare, with only 7 cases described in the literature. A 77 year old man with a 4-years history of nasal obstruction. He underwent a nasofibroscopy with a biopsy that revealed a nasosinusal neuroendocrine tumou...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are recent approved drugs used in malignant melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and renal cell cancer. They act by activating host T cell against malignant antigens. Immune checkpoint blockade can lead to breaking of immune self-tolerance, thereby inducing autoimmune/autoinflammatory side effects, such as endocrinopathies. It may affect thyroid, adrenal and pituitary. We present two ICPIs induced thyroiditis cases.<p clas...

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors may develop a range of long-term complications that arise years after therapy. Among these, the endocrine dysfunctions are a major concern. Aim: To investigate the long-term endocrine effects of HL treatment.Methods: Revision of the HL patients’ medical files who were followed at our Endocrine Late-effects Clinics.Results: We studied 178 patients (86 (48.3%) were female), whose mea...

Context: Many pediatric cancer survivors have endocrine conditions. After alkylating agents, steroids, methotrexate and radiation, several endocrine dysfunctions may appear. Surveillance for late effects is recommended by worldwide guidelines.Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the endocrine outcomes of 764 patients followed during a 20 years period in our out-patient clinic.Design: The design was a retrospective ...

Introduction: Chemotherapy may be an important cause of primary infertility, especially in girls submitted to this therapy at very young ages.Clinical case: A 20-year-old female was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at the age of 1. She was submitted to chemotherapy: intrathecal methotrexate and cyclophosphamide and i.v. doxorubicin, vincristine, mercaptopurine, asparaginase and bone marrow transplantation at the age of 2. She was ref...

Introduction: Children undergoing treatment for cancer are prone to several long-term endocrine complications, which can permanently affect bone tissue.Case report: A 25-year-old man was diagnosed with right maxillary sinus rhabdomyosarcoma at the age of 5. He was submitted to chemotherapy – intrathecal methotrexate+prednisolone and i.v. vincristine+actinomycin+ifosfamide – and submaxillary+cervical radiotherapy, 60Gy. At the age of 12, he was ...

Introduction: The increasing risk of thyroid cancer (TC) in patients who underwent radiotherapy is well documented, especially at early ages. In our center, young patients undergoing cancer treatments are referenced to Endocrine Rehabilitation Clinics (ERC). Their risks are initially identified and monitored regularly. We intended to analyze the characteristics and outcomes of patients who developed post-radiotherapy TC.Methods: Medical records of patien...

Introduction: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) prognosis is usually favorable, even when metastatic radioiodine avid disease is present. Radioiodine-refractory disease, usually a sign of higher aggressiveness, can be detected by 18F-FDG-PET/CT. There is a reverse relationship between iodine and FDG accumulation in thyroid cancer lesions, the so-called ‘‘flip-flop’’ phenomenon: when thyroid cancer cells dedifferentiate they tend to lose the...

Introduction: Hyponatremia is the most common hydroelectrolytic disturbance in clinical practice. Multiple causes exist for its occurrence, being the etiological diagnosis sometimes complex. In patients with suprasellar tumours it is even harder due to several confounding factors. Management of these patients is difficult as it conflicts with chemotherapy-associated hyperhydration protocols. We present a case that exemplifies this.Clinical case: Four yea...